Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Aught vs. Naught
Aught vs. Naught Aught vs. Naught Aught vs. Naught By Mark Nichol Aught and naught both mean ââ¬Å"nothing.â⬠Ought they to be antonyms rather than synonyms? Actually, aught means ââ¬Å"somethingâ⬠or ââ¬Å"anythingâ⬠; itââ¬â¢s from the Old English word awiht, meaning ââ¬Å"ever a thing.â⬠(The second syllable is cognate with whit, meaning ââ¬Å"very small thing,â⬠and wight, meaning ââ¬Å"living being,â⬠though the latter is also used sometimes in an older sense of ââ¬Å"ghostâ⬠or ââ¬Å"spirit.â⬠) However, the negative sense of the term is a result of false division, the same grammatical affliction that produced adder, the name for a type of snake, when the phrase ââ¬Å"a nadderâ⬠was, over time, redivided as ââ¬Å"an adder.â⬠Aught in the sense of ââ¬Å"nothingâ⬠derives from naught (from the Old English nawiht, meaning ââ¬Å"not a thingâ⬠). Now, people sometimes therefore use aught when they mean naught. (Naught, by the way, is the root of the adjective naughty; to be naughty is to lack something- namely, compunction or moral character.) And though aught is often used in British English to mean ââ¬Å"all,â⬠it can also mean ââ¬Å"zero,â⬠as when someone refers to something having occurred in ââ¬Å"aught fiveâ⬠(2005); itââ¬â¢s also used in American English to refer to the gauge of a wire or (alone and in combination with double and triple) of buckshot that fills a shotgun shell. Ought and nought are variants of aught and naught. Though ought is obsolete in this sense, nought persists in being used in place of naught, as in ââ¬Å"noughts and crosses,â⬠the British English name for tic-tac-toe. The sense of ought used in the first sentence of this post, meanwhile, is unrelated. Originally, in Old English and Middle English, earlier versions of ought served as the past tense of owe. The word lost this sense hundreds of years ago, but we still use it with to to mean should in the sense of advisability, consequence, expectation, or obligation in such sentences as ââ¬Å"She ought to know better.â⬠Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"English Grammar 101: Verb Mood25 Favorite Portmanteau Words
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